Shortening the prayers during journey (L-588)
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وَإِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَقْصُرُوا۟ مِنَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَن يَفْتِنَكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِنَّ ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ كَانُوا۟ لَكُمْ عَدُوًّا مُّبِينًا. 101 |
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101.
Wa ‘izaa zarab-tum fil- ‘arzi falaysa
‘alaykum junaa-hun ‘an-taq-suruu minas-Salaa-ti
‘in khif-tum ‘any-yaf-tina-kumul-laziina kafaruu.
‘Innal-kaafiriina kaanuu lakum ‘aduw-wam-mubiinaa. |
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101.
When you travel in the land, there is no blame on you for shortening the
prayers, if you fear that the disbelievers may harm you. The disbelievers are
your manifest enemies. |
Taq-suruu – {Curtail (your worship)}, this word is from qasar. Some other words have also come out from it like qusuur, qaasir, taq-siir. Qasar means ‘to curtail, to shorten, to reduce, to subtract and to diminish’. To curtail the worship means, “The prayer of four rak-‘aat, will become of two during journey”.
Yaf-tina-kum - {(they) will trouble you)}. It has been derived from fitnah, which means ‘mischief, quarrel and disturbance. Here it aims that the disbelievers will attack you.
There was description about Jihad and emigration in the previous verses. It is clear that the journey is necessary during above both acts. Therefore, form of offering the prayer during journey has been illustrated in this section and permitted to curtail worship in the condition of journey. If there is a threat from the enemy, who has not embraced your religion and they remain ready every time to hurt you, they will attack in the journey, then you are allowed to curtail some prayer during journey, because the infidels are your mortal enemies.
Messenger of God (ﷺ) caused this matter to understand in such manner that this concession is for all kinds of journeys, whether there is a risk in it or otherwise. The mention of fear has been stated in the verse for the purpose that when this verse was revealed, during those days the Tribe Bani Najaar asked, “What is the order for us about the prayer while we people remain frequently on journey”. Then Holy Prophet (ﷺ) told them, “God has produced for you this facility by His Mercy and Kindness and permitted to shorten the Rak-‘aat of prayers in case of journey”. (Rak-’at means, “Bowing head and body in prayer, and standing for the recitation of a portion of Holy Qur’an”).
Confirmation of Hanafii sect regarding the journey is that the travel should not be less than three manzil (stages) (one manzil is equal to one day’s journey). There will be no relaxation in the complete prayer for the journey less than three stages. The definition of the stage is that in which either a man or a camel travels with normal speed in a day. After that, whenever Messenger of God (ﷺ) used to go on journey, then he used to offer two Rak-‘aat of the prayer instead of the prayer of four Rak-‘aat. But even then while the enemies intended to attack for reaping advantage of the condition of worship by Muslims, then another way of worship was introduced, which will be discussed in the next lesson. Now it is known from these verses that the prayer is such incumbent work, which can never be left without offering besides entirely helplessness. However some relaxation and reductions have been permitted.
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