No Way against Them, Who Hold Aloof from You

 

War against hypocrites (L-580)

فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا۟  فَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ مِنْهُمْ وَلِيًّا وَلَا نَصِيرًا89b. إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ أَوْ جَآءُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أَن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ أَوْ يُقَٰتِلُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ  وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَقَٰتَلُوكُمْ  90a.

89b.  Fa-‘in- tawallaw  fa-khuzuuhum  waq-tuluuhum  haysu  wajattu-muuhum  wa  laa  tatta-khizuu  minhum  waliy-yanw-wa  laa  nasiiraa. 90a.  ‘Illal-laziina  yasi-luuna  ‘ilaa  qawmim-  bay-nakum  wa  bay-nahum-miisaaqun  ‘aw  jaaa-‘uukum  hasirat  suduuruhum  ‘any-yuqaa-tiluukum  ‘aw  yuqaatiluu  qaw-mahum.  Wa  law  shaaa-‘Allaahu  lasallatahum  ‘alaykum  falaqaa-taluukum.

89b.  If they turn away, seize them and execute them wherever you may find them; and do not take from among them allies or supporters. 90a. Except those who join people with whom you have a treaty, or those who come to you reluctant to fight you or fight their own people. Had God willed, He would have given them power over you, and they would have fought you

Khuzuu – its origin is ‘akhaza, which is used for three purposes; to make, to choose or adopt and to hold. Base of Laa  tattakhizuu (do not choose) is also the same origin.

Miisaaqun – (covenant), it is from wasuuq, which means “to trust, faith and confidence”. Miisaaq is the thing, from which trust and faith is produced. It can also be aimed as mutual agreement. 

Sallata – this word is from tasliit, which means “to give control, to allow one to prevail (over or against) and to empower someone. This order is regarding those people, who were mentioned in the above lesson.

It is commanded: The people, who have been assembled on infidelity, will not embrace Islam. But they will continue tempting others that they too should become infidels. However, you must carry on saying to them that they should embrace Islam and sacrifice in such a way, as you have sacrificed. If they do not accept, then you should not think for them in war, but arrest them after overcoming and kill them. Their meetings with you; will be useless in the battle, because they are evil-wishers and your mortal enemies. They will not refrain from wickedness, whenever they will find any opportunity.

In the situation of war, you should kill such selfish people, wherever you find them. But there are two forms for their safety:

·       They have deep association and covenant of peace with them, who have a treaty of alliance with you, because in this condition, they have entered in that covenant of peace too.

If they desire to make a truce with you, being vexed of war, with the condition that neither they will fight against you themselves, nor will they support their nation against you.  

https://youtu.be/1RRYWLMz034

Fight against Peace-breakers (L-581)

فَإِنِ ٱعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ وَأَلْقَوْا۟ إِلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلًا90b. سَتَجِدُونَ ءَاخَرِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَأْمَنُوكُمْ وَيَأْمَنُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ كُلَّ مَا رُدُّوٓا۟ إِلَى ٱلْفِتْنَةِ أُرْكِسُوا۟ فِيهَا فَإِن لَّمْ يَعْتَزِلُوكُمْ وَيُلْقُوٓا۟ إِلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ وَيَكُفُّوٓا۟ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكُمْ جَعَلْنَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَٰنًا مُّبِينًا 91.

90b.  Fa-‘ini’-taza-luukum  falam  yuqaa-tiluukum  wa  ‘al-qaw-  ‘ilay-ku-mus-salama,  famaa  ja-‘alAllaahu  lakum  ‘alay-him  sabiilaa. 91.  Sataji-duuna  ‘aakhariina  yuriiduuna  ‘any-ya’-manuukum  wa  ya’-manuu  qawmahum.  Kullamaa  rudduuu  ‘ilal-fitnati  ‘urkisuu  fiihaa.  Fa-‘illam  ya’-taziluukum  wa  yulquuu  ‘ilay-kumus-salama  wa  yakuffuuu  ‘ay-diyahum  fakhuzuuhum  waq-tuluuhum  haysu  saqif-tumuuhum.  Wa  ‘ulaaa-‘ikum  ja-‘alNaa  lakum  ‘alay-him  sultaanam-mubiinaa. (Section 12/9)

90b.  If they withdraw from you, and do not fight you, and offer you peace, then God assigns no excuse for you against them. 91. You will find others who want security from you, and security from their own people. But whenever they are tempted into civil discord, they plunge into it. So if they do not withdraw from you, nor offer you peace, nor restrain their hands, seize them and execute them wherever you find them. Against these, We have given you clear authorization.

 ‘I’-taza-luukum -  (they hold aloof from you). It is from ‘i’-tizaal, which is from ‘azala. ‘Azala means ‘to hold aloof, to remain separate, to avoid from troubling someone’. Ma’-zuul has also been derived from it. 

‘As-salama – (peace, truce), Islam, tasliim and many other words have come out from the same. It means ‘desire of safety (for self and others), giving shelter’. Here the word ‘As-salama has been used also for friendship and union besides the word peace.

Saqif-tumuuhum – (you find them). The substance of this word is saqiif, which means ‘to find, to acquire’. Its aim is that whenever the war is declared, then you should kill the enemy wherever you find him. Mind it that this order is not for the common days of peace, but only in the condition of war.

It has been described in this verse that if these people remain bound after the treaty of truce, give up fighting and remain in peace, then you are not permitted to vex them. After that, another group of hypocrite infidels has been discussed. They are the people, who neither want to fight you, nor against their own nation. They make a treaty with you that they will not make a war on you. But when they observe that your enemies have been increasing, then they do not regard your terms of agreement and join your enemies. If such people come to break the covenant and begin rigidity, then you should also fight and destroy them, wherever you find them, because you have a perfect reason against them that they have become faithless to their covenant. https://youtu.be/DJbLIE_VaeE