Punishment of killing intentionally (L-583)

 

Punishment of killing intentionally (L-583)

وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةً مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 92b.          وَمَن يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُّتَعَ مِّدًا فَجَزَآؤُهُۥ جَهَنَّمُ خَٰلِدًا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُۥوَأَعَدَّ لَهُۥ عَذَابًا عَظِيمًا 93.

92b.  Wa  ‘in  kaana  min  qawmim-bayna-kum  wa  baynahum-mii-saaqun-  fa-diyatum-musalla-matun  ‘ilaaa  ‘ahlihiii  wa  tah-riiru  raqa-batim-Mu’-minah.  Famallam  yajid  fa-Siyaamu  shah-rayni  mutataa-bi-‘ayn;  tawbatam-minAllaah.  Wa  kaanAllaahu  ‘Aliiman  Hakiimaa.    93.  Wa  many-yaqtul  Mu’-minam- muta-‘ammidan-  fa-jazaaa-‘uhuu   Jahannamu  khaalidan-  fiihaa  wa  gazibAllaahu  ‘alayhi  wa  la-‘anahuu  wa  ‘a-‘adda  lahuu  ‘azaaban  ‘aziimaa.

92b.  If he belonged to a people with whom you have a treaty, then compensation should be handed over to his family, and a believing slave set free. Anyone who lacks the means must fast for two consecutive months, by way of repentance to God. God is All-Knowing, Most Wise.   93. Whoever kills a believer deliberately, the penalty for him is Hell, where he will remain forever. And God will be angry with him, and will curse him, and will prepare for him a terrible punishment.

Shah-rayni  mutataa-bi-‘ayn – (two consecutive months), shah-rayn is plural of shahr, which means “one month”. Mutataa-bi-‘ayn means “consecutive, continuously”. It aims that no day should be left without fast within two months.

Muta-‘ammidan – (intentionally), it has been derived from the word ‘amada, which means ‘intention, attempt, willing. Qatli-‘amad means willful murder or homicide, because punishment of unknowingly murder is different from this type of killing.

Description of the first part of above mentioned verse has passed in the previous lesson that if the slain person belongs to such nation or country, whose people are not Muslims but a treaty of peace has taken place mutually among you and them, then what should be done?

In the second part of the verse it has been described that if the killer is poor, neither he has any slave or bond-woman to set free, and nor has wealth for paying blood-money, then he should fast for two months consecutively. Then his repentance will be acceptable because this is not such a crime which may be forgiven so easily. Suffer upon your own body as penance of murder and fast two consecutive months without leaving any day beside fasting, if you do not have wherewithal (blood-money) to spend.

In the next verse, punishment for that believer has been described, who kills any other believer intentionally and voluntarily. This is the crime from which nobody can get rid of through penance. Its punishment will be given on the Doomsday. The killer will be thrown into the Fire of Hell. He will abide therein forever. The Curse of God is upon him and He will be wroth on him. He has prepared for him an awful doom. This torment is separate from that punishment which will be suffered by him in the world i.e. paying kisaas (blood-money) by him. The commandment regarding retaliation (Kisaas) has passed in Surah Al-Baqarah (Chapter: The Cow).

In these verses, it has been explained that if a Muslim kills any other Muslim, he should pay expiation; if he killed unintentionally, as mentioned in the previous lesson, or if he is poor, then he should fast for two consecutive months as explained in the first part of this lesson, and if he killed intentionally, then his punishment is “the Fire of the Hell, curse and wrath of God”. 

https://youtu.be/irpu3fIZJps

Fight against Peace-breakers (L-581)

 

Fight against Peace-breakers (L-581) 

فَإِنِ ٱعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ وَأَلْقَوْا۟ إِلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلًا90b. سَتَجِدُونَ ءَاخَرِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَأْمَنُوكُمْ وَيَأْمَنُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ كُلَّ مَا رُدُّوٓا۟ إِلَى ٱلْفِتْنَةِ أُرْكِسُوا۟ فِيهَا فَإِن لَّمْ يَعْتَزِلُوكُمْ وَيُلْقُوٓا۟ إِلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ وَيَكُفُّوٓا۟ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكُمْ جَعَلْنَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَٰنًا مُّبِينًا 91.

90b.  Fa-‘ini’-taza-luukum  falam  yuqaa-tiluukum  wa  ‘al-qaw-  ‘ilay-ku-mus-salama,  famaa  ja-‘alAllaahu  lakum  ‘alay-him  sabiilaa. 91.  Sataji-duuna  ‘aakhariina  yuriiduuna  ‘any-ya’-manuukum  wa  ya’-manuu  qawmahum.  Kullamaa  rudduuu  ‘ilal-fitnati  ‘urkisuu  fiihaa.  Fa-‘illam  ya’-taziluukum  wa  yulquuu  ‘ilay-kumus-salama  wa  yakuffuuu  ‘ay-diyahum  fakhuzuuhum  waq-tuluuhum  haysu  saqif-tumuuhum.  Wa  ‘ulaaa-‘ikum  ja-‘alNaa  lakum  ‘alay-him  sultaanam-mubiinaa. (Section 12/9)

90b.  If they withdraw from you, and do not fight you, and offer you peace, then God assigns no excuse for you against them. 91. You will find others who want security from you, and security from their own people. But whenever they are tempted into civil discord, they plunge into it. So if they do not withdraw from you, nor offer you peace, nor restrain their hands, seize them and execute them wherever you find them. Against these, We have given you clear authorization.

 ‘I’-taza-luukum -  (they hold aloof from you). It is from ‘i’-tizaal, which is from ‘azala. ‘Azala means ‘to hold aloof, to remain separate, to avoid from troubling someone’. Ma’-zuul has also been derived from it. 

‘As-salama – (peace, truce), Islam, tasliim and many other words have come out from the same. It means ‘desire of safety (for self and others), giving shelter’. Here the word ‘As-salama has been used also for friendship and union besides the word peace.

Saqif-tumuuhum – (you find them). The substance of this word is saqiif, which means ‘to find, to acquire’. Its aim is that whenever the war is declared, then you should kill the enemy wherever you find him. Mind it that this order is not for the common days of peace, but only in the condition of war.

It has been described in this verse that if these people remain bound after the treaty of truce, give up fighting and remain in peace, then you are not permitted to vex them. After that, another group of hypocrite infidels has been discussed. They are the people, who neither want to fight you, nor against their own nation. They make a treaty with you that they will not make a war on you. But when they observe that your enemies have been increasing, then they do not regard your terms of agreement and join your enemies. If such people come to break the covenant and begin rigidity, then you should also fight and destroy them, wherever you find them, because you have a perfect reason against them that they have become faithless to their covenant. https://youtu.be/DJbLIE_VaeE

Escaping from death is impossible (L-571)

 

Escaping from death is impossible (L-571)

قُلْ مَتَٰعُ ٱلدُّنْيَا قَلِيلٌ وَٱلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لِّمَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰ وَلَاتُظْلَمُونَ فَتِيلًا77b. أَيْنَمَا تَكُونُوا۟ يُدْرِك كُّمُ ٱلْمَوْتُ وَلَوْ كُنتُمْ فِى بُرُوجٍ مُّشَيَّدَةٍ  78a.

77b.  Qul  mataa- ‘uddunyaa  qaliil. Wal- ‘aakhiratu  khayrul-li-manittaqaa  wa laa  tuzlamuuna  fatiilaa. 78a.  ‘Ayna  maa  takuunuu  yud-rik-kumul-mawtu  wa  law  kuntum  fii  buruujim-mushayyadah.

77b.  .”Say, “The enjoyments of this life are brief, but the Hereafter is better for the righteous, and you will not be wronged one bit.” 78a. Wherever you may be, death will catch up with you, even if you were in fortified towers.

Mataa-‘un – (benefit, wealth, the provision; by which one may reap advantage and enjoy.   

Wa laa  tuzlamuuna – (and you will not be wronged), it has been derived from zalama, which means ‘to tease or tyrannize any person, to seize someone’s right ’. 

Fatiilaa – (the thread, the husk upon a date-stone), here it means that your right will not be seized even equal to a very little piece of thread.

Buruujim-mushayyadah – (the lofty towers, dignified forts), Burj is singular of buruuj which means ‘a fort and a magnificent palace’. Mushayyadah means ‘made of cooked lime’. The aim of this verse is to tell the people that escaping from the death is not possible, whether they hide themselves in even very solid forts.

It was mentioned in the previous part of the verse (77a) that - when Jihad was prescribed and the battle accessed their heads, then some people began to tremble due to fear of war and they beseeched in the Royal Court of God, “Our Lord! Why have You ordained us to fight? If only You would have given us respite yet a while, then it was better, if we would have remained living for some more days and be saved from the death”. In short, the love of the world overcame upon their hearts and they began to fear from death. They have been warned in this verse, “Say {to them, O Muhammad (ﷺ)}: The provision (relishes and pleasure) of this world is very little and only for a few days; nevertheless delight and comfort of the Hereafter will be better for him who takes care of the Will of God and wards off evil. Commit to your mind! The person, who will do good with such thought, will be given full retribution and reward. Moreover, effort of any person to please God and to abstain from His disobedience will not be useless; even that none will be wronged equal to the husk upon a date-stone. In the world, such circumstances are confronted that a person wants something but his desire is not fulfilled. He works hard but does not obtain its fruit. In addition, whatever he gets a little; that is over within a few days. For the Hereafter, what will be done according to the commandment of God, its remuneration will be given in full scale. That will not be for a few days but forever. Now about the death, so none should be afraid of it. Nobody can escape from it. There is no place in the entire world, where someone can acquire refuge. At last, he/she has to die a day, who has come in this world. It is useless to have passion to live forever in the world. If someone did not die today, will die tomorrow. Strong underground chambers, lofty forts and palaces cannot save any creature from the death. To be slain for the Cause of God and earning comfort, pleasure and satisfaction for ever is better than dying by rubbing heels. In these some words of Holy Qur’an, how much great reality has been explained very easily? This advice cannot take place in the heart so deeply even from the hourly speeches of great preachers as it settles down by meditating a while in this very small verse. These are the forceful words, by listening to which, the Muslims completed so much magnificent tasks in the beginning that the world praises them till today.

https://youtu.be/s2KqxiSaoK8

Better Way (L-549)

 

Better Way (L-549) 

وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا۟ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا وَٱسْمَعْ وَٱنظُرْنَا لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ وَأَقْوَمَ وَلَٰكِن لَّعَنَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَلَايُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا 46b.

46b.  Wa  law ‘annahum  qaaluu  sami’-naa  wa  ‘ata’-naa  wasma’  wan-zurnaa  lakaana  khayral-lahum  wa  ‘aq-wama,  wa  laakilla- ‘annahumUllaahu  bi-kufrihim  falaa  yu’-minuuna  ‘illaa  qaliilaa.

46b.  Had they said, “We hear and we obey”, and “Listen”, and “Give us your attention,” it would have been better for them, and more upright. But God has cursed them for their disbelief; they do not believe except a little.

Some depravities of the Children of Israel were pointed out in the previous verses, for example they purchased depravity by giving up guidance, made literal and meaningful changes in the Word of God, used to talk double-entendre sentences, from which apparently; good meanings used to come out but their aim was against the fact and they used to disgrace the Messenger of God (ﷺ) secretly.

They are being instructed in this verse that it is their boundless unbecoming behavior. It was better for them if they had not done so. They would have used clear, correct and suitable words. For instance:

·       ‘Ata’-naa (we obeyed) in place of ‘asay-naa.

·       Only the word ‘isma’ (hear) in place of the words ‘isma’  gayra  musma-‘in (hear you as one who cannot be made to hear).

·       The word ‘un-zurnaa (look at us) instead of saying raa-‘inaa.

God removed them from His Mercy and Guidance due to their infidelity. They do neither understand simple and useful matters, and nor have faith except some of them. Out of those believing Jews are – ‘Abdullah bin Salaam (Razi Allaahu Anhu) etc. who used to escape from wickedness and villainies of the Jews and remained safe and sound from the curse of God.

Three matters have become very clear from this verse:

1.   The Jews disbelieved in the Messenger of God (ﷺ) intentionally, although they were aware of glad tidings and predictions concerning him (ﷺ).

2.   They used to address the Messenger (ﷺ) with such words, which had good meanings apparently, but take their bad meanings into their hearts. As though, they used to behave deceitfully (trick of hypocrisy).

Moreover, they did not believe in the Unity of the Deity and Apostleship, used to make alterations in the Heavenly Scriptures. They slaughtered the Prophets (Peace be upon them) unjust. Due to this infidelity, they were cursed by God and thrown away from His Kindness. It means that they had been drowned in the baseness and disgrace of all kinds. Path of guidance, success and happiness was closed for them. 

https://youtu.be/vhYKyg8x6P4

Condition for marrying the maids (L-532)

 

Condition for marrying the maids (L-532)

فَٱنكِحُوهُنَّ بِإِذْنِ أَهْلِهِنَّ وَءَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ مُحْصَنَٰتٍ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحَٰتٍ وَلَا مُتَّخِذَٰ تِ  أَخْدَانٍ فَإِذَآ أُحْصِنَّ فَإِنْ أَتَيْنَ بِفَٰحِشَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِنَّ نِصْفُ مَا عَلَى ٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ ٱلْعَنَتَ مِنكُمْ وَأَن تَصْبِرُوا۟ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ25b.

25b.  Fankihuu-hunna  bi-‘izni  ‘ahli-hinna  wa  ‘aatuu-hunna  ‘ujuura-hunna  bil-ma’-ruufi  muhsanaatin  gayra  musaafi-haatinw-wa  laa  muttakhi-zaati  ‘akh-daan.  Fa-‘izaaa  ‘uhsinna  fa-‘in  ‘atayna  bi-faahi-shatin-  fa-‘alay-hinna  nisfu  maa  ‘alal-muhsanaati  minal-‘azaab.  Zaalika  liman  khashiyal-‘anata  minkum.  Wa   ‘an  tasbiruu  khay-rul-lakum.  Wallaahu  Gafuurur-Rahiim. (Section 4/1)

25b.  Marry them with the permission of their guardians, and give them their recompense fairly—to be protected—neither committing adultery, nor taking secret lovers. When they are married, if they commit adultery, their punishment shall be half that of free women. That is for those among you who fear falling into decadence. But to practice self-restraint is better for you. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.

By permitting marriage with maids and slave-girls, Islam impeded the sinfulness on one side, while on the other side It determined their grades equal to the free, believing women in the society. Moreover, It puts in the rights of their children equal to the rights of the children of free, believing women on the condition that those children are from the maid’s master. In addition, following conditions have been prescribed for marrying the maids:

1.   Permission of wedding is taken from their masters.

2.   Give them their dowries as prescribed.

3.   The maids should be liker of goodness and chastity (Muh-sanaatun).

4.   They should not be fallen into lewdness and debauchery (musaafi-haatun).

5.   They must also be not of loose conduct “muttakhi-zaati  ‘akh-daan”  (secretly loving and beloved).

 says, “This is for him among you who fears from committing any sin. And having patience would be better for you”. He also commands, “Then if when they are honorably married, they commit lewdness - they shall become liable to half of the punishment (prescribed) for free women (in that case)”. 

https://youtu.be/NR-ZHD9Kv5A