Share of parents in the inheritance (L-515)

 

Share of parents in the inheritance (L-515) 

وَلِأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَٰحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُۥ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُ  فَإِن كَانَ لَهُۥٓ إِخْوَةٌ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُ مِنۢ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِى بِهَآ أَوْ دَيْنٍ ءَابَآؤُكُمْ  وَأَبْنَآؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 11b.

11b.  Wa  li-‘aba-wayhi  likulli  waahidim-min-humas-sudusu  mimmaa  taraka  ‘in-kaana  lahuu  walad.  Fa-‘illam  yakullahuu  waladunw-wa  wa-risahuuu  ‘abawaahu  fali- ‘um-mihis-sulus.  Fa-‘in-  kaana  lahuuu  ‘ikh-watun-  fali- ‘ummi-his-sudusu  mim-  ba’-di  wa-siy-yatiny-yuusii  bihaaa  ‘aw  dayn.  ‘Aabaaa-‘ukum,  wa  ‘abnaaa- ‘ukum  laa  tadruuna  ‘ayyuhum  ‘aqrabu  lakum  naf-‘aa.  Farii-zatam-minAllaah.  ‘InnAllaaha  kaana  ‘Aliiman  Hakiimaa.

11b.  As for the parents, each gets one-sixth of what he leaves, if he had children. If he had no children, and his parents inherit from him, his mother gets one-third. If he has siblings, his mother gets one-sixth. After fulfilling any bequest and paying off debts. Your parents and your children—you do not know which are closer to you in welfare. This is God's Law. God is Knowing and Judicious.

Three forms of inheritance for the father and mother have also been described in this verse:

1.   If the deceased person had children then each of his parents will get sixth portion from the inheritance.

2.   If the dead person had no children and only parents are the heirs, then the mother will get one-third while the father two-third.

3.   If the late person had brothers and sisters more than one, whether they are real or only from the father-side or only from the mother-side, and had no child then the mother will get sixth portion and the remaining wealth will be given to the father. Brother and sister will get nothing. Moreover, if he had only one brother or one sister then mother will get one-third and the two-third will be given to the father.  

It is compulsory that the heirs will be given their portion from the heritage after the payment of late person’s debts and will. Wealth of the deceased person should be used on his shroud and burial first, then his/her debts be paid from it, then out of the remaining portion of the property, up to one third would be used as per the Will of the deceased person. Now, what is remaining, that should be distributed between the heirs.

After that, God commands that you do not know about the person, which of them is nearer unto you in usefulness. It is an injunction from God, you should not interfere in the fixed portions but the portion that God has fixed, you should abide by them.

 https://youtu.be/yU_Qw7GDkkI

Review of Chapter Three (L-504)

 

Review of Chapter Three (L-504) 

Beginning of Surah ‘Aali-‘Imraan was with these words: God! There is no God save Him, the Alive, and the lives of all living beings are firm due to Him. He revealed the Inspirational Scriptures for the Guidance of human beings. After all, by sending Holy Qur’an, He finalized them. He fixed a touchstone to test “The True and the False”. Some verses of Holy Qur’an are so much obvious and bright that every individual can understand them easily, but some are those, meanings of which cannot be known by everyone. We should believe in all of them and have faith that their meanings are quite right and these entire are from our Lord.

Then, it has been described that the heart of the human being inclines more unto his wife and members of his family, and keeping safe of enough wealth and chosen things, whereas these all things are inconstant. Special consideration should be given only to please our Creator and acquire betterment of the Hereafter. Desiring Paradise after death is the best object. God has determined Islam as the religion of the entire mankind of the world. Alas! Some people turn away their affections from it.

After that, the birth of Mary (May God be pleased with her) and her breeding, the birth of Prophet Jesus (Peace be upon him), effort for correction of the nation by him (Peace be upon him) and his miracles etc. were mentioned. Then the Christians were commanded that they should reap advantage from his teachings, and obey the commandments of the last of all the Prophets, Muhammad (ﷺ) and the final Scripture, Holy Qur’an, brought by him, because their own Scripture, Gospel witnesses concerning their Truth. Along with it, it is commanded that Abraham (Peace be upon him) was neither a Jew and nor a Christian but a Muslim.

Afterwards, a useful Message has been conveyed for the Jews and the Christians that they should give up slavery of one another and bow before God collectively. If they do not accept this Message, then the Muslims should remember it and hold these principles fast being unanimous. They must give up quarreling with one another. Thus they will become the best nation. By observing them, other people will begin to escape from the evil deeds and choose good works.

Then, attention of Muslims have been drawn towards the Battle of Badr that in it, their success was a forceful Blandishment of God’s Dignity. Success in it without Support of God was not possible. After that, it is commanded that usury is forbidden and they should escape from it. Most probably, the commandment about escaping from usury/interest has come here due to the reason that – as Muslims reaped advantage from success in this Battle, like this, they will acquire benefits by giving up usury. And the entire human beings will be saved from destruction.

Next, incidents of the Battle of ‘Uhud have been narrated, which loss was suffered by the Muslims, reason of that was: Commandment of the Messenger (ﷺ) was not obeyed properly. It has been described that behavior of the Hypocrites, which they adopted in this Battle and which was cause of damage to Islam and injury to Muslims, was very bad.

Then Muslims have been directed that way of life of the Christians and the Jews is wrong and objectionable. They should not follow them. They will suffer from their side. They should mind their own business with patience and tolerance. And they should seek help of God by means of supplicating. Then method of supplicating has been taught and caused to understand that they should not be deceived from apparent prosperity of the Infidels. Their last abode is Fire of the Hell. However, those people of the Scripture, who will believe and do good works, they will be given good rewards. At the end, the Muslims have been advised: Have patience and stand still before your enemies. Continue to be prepared against them. Do your duty to God and ward off evil. It contains your success. 

https://youtu.be/PTMO478ROb4

Prophets (علیہم السلام) and their companions (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ) (L-467)

 

Prophets (علیہم السلام) and their companions (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ) (L-467)

وَكَأَيِّن مِّن نَّبِىٍّ قَٰتَلَ مَعَهُۥ رِبِّيُّونَ كَثِيرٌ فَمَا وَهَنُوا۟ لِمَآ أَصَابَهُمْ فِى سَبِيلِٱللَّهِ وَمَا ضَعُفُوا۟ وَمَا ٱسْتَكَانُوا۟ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ  ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ 146.

146.  Wa  ka-‘ayyim-min-nabiyyin-qaatala, ma-‘ahuu  Rib-biyyuuna  kasiir.  Famaa  wahanuu  limaaa  ’asaaba-hum  fii  Sabii-Lillaahi  wa  maa  za-‘ufuu  wa  mastakaanuu.  WAllaahu  yuhibbus-Saabiriin.

146.  How many a prophet fought alongside him numerous godly people? They did not waver for what afflicted them in the cause of God, nor did they weaken, nor did they give in. God loves those who endure.

This topic begins from the previous two verses that the Prophets and the Messengers (Peace be upon them) came in the world and passed away. Like this, the Last Messenger, Muhammad  (ﷺ) was sent for a prescribed period. But his (ﷺ) religion will remain till the General Resurrection, and the Scripture brought by him will remain a source of Guidance always for the nations and people of the entire world.

Therefore, showing weakness and laziness in the matters of religion will be opposite to the wisdom and sense. The people who exposed broken-hearted after hearing false news about martyrdom of Muhammad (ﷺ) in the Battlefield of ‘Uhud, they wronged. The Religion belongs to God and He is Eternal and Immortal. There is no mortality for Himself.

Continuing the same Series of the Word, there is a mention in this verse concerning the Prophets, the Messengers (Peace be upon them) and their devoted followers (companions) (May God be pleased with them). So that the followers of the last Messenger, Muhammad  (ﷺ) (Muslim ‘Ummah) may learn from them.

Rib-biyyuuna – (the devoted men), this word has been derived from the word ‘Rabb’ which is an adjective of God. Rib-biyyuun means those people who have relationship with their Lord, seekers and lovers of God. The Jews used to call their scholars as Rabbii, plural of which is Rib-biyyuun. 

It is being commanded, “Often it happened that the devotee people and the pious servants of God fought against His enemies in support of the Prophets (Peace be upon them). Good or bad, every sort of time comes in the war. Sometimes one group wins and the other is defeated and sometimes opposite to it. But their steadfast feet never trembled. Their spirit and strength were never weakened. They suffered thousand times, but neither they were lazy, nor had shown weakness and nor were they brought down. God keeps such people friends who are steadfast and have stable temperament. The Muslims would have to produce these virtues into themselves for becoming beloved of Lord Almighty”. 

https://youtu.be/XwoNAptAdzM

What is the Message of Islam?

What is the Message of Islam?

 

The easy (and correct) answer is that simply, there is only One God and that the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) is His Messenger. With this, a Muslim holds strong to the Five Pillars of Islam and believes in each Pillar of Faith. But the Message of Islam is much, much more. It is a way of life, a guide, a teacher and a judge. It is a universal idea without discrimination. It knows no race, nationality, gender, or social class. It is compatible with daily life and is timeless. This world is not the final destination, but only a stop along the way.

The Message of Islam is ALLAH Subhana Wa Ta'ala Instructions to mankind, so that we may be successful in this part of our journey. A Muslim is commanded to do certain things, behave in certain ways, and learn and grow within the community. A Muslim must work and sweat for his or her wages and give generously to those who have little. Equality in economics, justice, politics, and family is essential.

Neighborly kindness and support are incumbent. Parents, children, brothers, sisters, husbands, and wives have obligations and rights which form a balance in society. Acquiring knowledge and discipline, and learning how to deal fairly with those around you are challenges directly from ALLAH (swt). A Muslim knows how to handle these tasks by following the Message of Islam.

May God Bless all of You.

Muhkamaatun – (Clear Revelations) & Mutashaa-bihaatun – (Allegorical) (L-363)

 

Muhkamaatun – (Clear Revelations) & Mutashaa-bihaatun – (Allegorical) (L-363)

When Christians of Najraan were rendered helpless from all obvious arguments of the Messenger of God (ﷺ), they said, “Hindmost you also believe in Jesus (Peace be upon him) as the Spirit of God and Word of God. It is sufficient to prove our claim.” The reply of their useless objection has been given here in a simple way. Many dissensions and doubts can be dispelled after understanding them.

God commanded: There are two types of Revelations in Holy Qur’an and other Heavenly Scriptures like Torah and Gospel etc.

• Those verses which have ‘known’ and ‘certain’ meanings. Such verses are called ‘Aayaatum-Muh-kamaatun (clear revelations) and in fact root and essence of the entire teachings of the Scripture are these Revelations.

• Name of the other type of Revelations is Mutashaa-bihaat (Allegorical). That is to say, some doubt happens in knowing the meanings of such verses.  

Correct way is that the meaning of second type of verses must be seen in the light of first type of verses. Which meanings seem opposite, those should be refuted. If the meaning does not become manifest despite effort, even then he should not cross the limits who seeks the meanings. No individual is omniscient that he may know everything. He should remain silent; after thinking about his knowledge. He should not issue the meanings with wrong method, which is against universally accepted principles of religion and clear Revelations. For example, Holy Qur’an has explained about Jesus (Peace be upon him) ‘Inna  huwa  ‘illaa  ‘abdun  ‘An-‘am-Naa  ‘alay-hi (Indeed he is a servant only, to whom We favored). It guides us at another place, ‘Inna  masala  ‘Iisaa  ‘indAllaahi  kamasali  ‘Aadama  khalaq-tahuu  min  tu-raabin (Likeness of Jesus is just like Adam. God created him from the dust). And it has also been proved at some other places that Jesus (Peace be upon him) is neither God, nor son of God.

Now if any person runs behind resemblances of (KalimatUllaah) ‘The Word of God’ and  (RuuhUllaah) ‘The Spirit of God’ etc. by closing his eyes from all these Muhkamaat, and takes such superficial meanings, which are against the common explanation of the Scripture, by leaving those meanings which are suitable to the clear verses, he is surely obstinate and perverse. Some malevolent people want to ensnare the people astray by misleading them. And some people, who are weak in their belief, wish to imply such Mutashaa-bihaat (allegorical verses) according to their own judgment and will, whereas only God knows their true meanings.

The people who have strong knowledge, they recognize the ‘Aayaatum-Muh-kamaat and Mutashaa-bihaat from God. They believe that the both types of Revelations are revealed from the same source. Therefore, they try to understand Mutashaa-bihaat in the light of Muhkamaat and which part is out of their sense; they leave it upon God because He is the best Knower.

In short, it is the duty of a common person who has ordinary knowledge that he should not wrangle with Mutashaa-bihaat, which have more than one meanings. He should ask its meaning from religious scholars, and which verses have clear meanings, he should act corresponding to them without any delay and Reluctance. https://youtu.be/2tgw6MFT_FY

Summary of Chapter two (L-357)

 

Quran Chapter 2- Summary (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-357) - درس قرآن

Summary of Chapter two

Praise be to God! Explanation of Suratul Baqarah (Chapter 2) has come to an end. It seems suitable that we should review once again, the topics and their meanings mentioned in this Chapter.

In the beginning of this Chapter, guidance and success of the mankind, and different human classes were mentioned. Immediately after it, Deputyship of Adam (Peace be upon him), history of the Children of Israel, important and necessary conditions and circumstances of Abraham’s (Peace be upon him) Religious Belief were explained, so that the Muslims should take warning from those errors and should not involve in such evils, which were reasons of the destruction of ancient nations.

After informing concerning the distinction among lawful and unlawful, good and evil, a collective concept of goodness was given. And problems of social life were discussed, for example, the law of retaliation and the last Will etc. Along with it, teachings about a Fast, Pilgrimage and Jihad were conveyed. Then intention was drawn unto important matters of family life, for example; marriage, divorce, ‘iddat (the term of probation incumbent upon a woman in consequence of a dissolution of marriage either by divorce or by the death of her husband), education of children, rights of husband and wife, and other matters relating to these affairs.

Then after describing from the history of the Children of Israel, Prophet David (Peace be upon him), incident of Saul and Goliath, some points of advice and exhortation were produced. After ‘Aayatul-Kursii (a great verse of this Chapter), reality of Belief and Disbelief was explained, and in this connection, some occurrences in the blessed life of Messenger Abraham (Peace be upon him) were described.

In the last part of the Chapter, particular attention was drawn towards “Spending in the Way of God”, and in this regard, many examples were given.

The usury was determined as forbidden and it was commanded that the writing and evidence were necessary for the purpose of honesty and elegance in trade.

The Chapter went to an end at important Supplications, which have been mentioned in the previous lesson. 

https://youtu.be/xvXBAJdx8pU

Commandments regarding Evidence (L-352)

 

Commandments regarding Evidence (L-352)

ذٰلِكُم أَقسَطُ عِندَ اللَّهِ وَأَقوَمُ لِلشَّهادَةِ وَأَدنىٰ أَلّا تَرتابوا ۖ إِلّا أَن تَكونَ تِجارَةً حاضِرَةً تُديرونَها بَينَكُم فَلَيسَ عَلَيكُم جُناحٌ أَلّا تَكتُبوها ۗ وَأَشهِدوا إِذا تَبايَعتُم ۚ وَلا يُضارَّ كاتِبٌ وَلا شَهيدٌ ۚ وَإِن تَفعَلوا فَإِنَّهُ فُسوقٌ بِكُم ۗ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ ۖ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ اللَّهُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيءٍ عَليمٌ282c.

282c.  Zaalikum  ‘aqsatu  ‘indAllaahi  wa  ‘aqwamu  lish-shahaadati  wa  ‘adnaaa  ‘allaa  tartaabuuu  ‘illaaa  ‘an-takuuna  tijaaratan  haaziratan- tudiiruunahaa  baynakum  fa-laysa  ’alaykum  junaahun  ‘allaa  tak-tubuuhaa.  Wa  ‘ash-hiduuu  ‘izaa  tabaaya’-tum.  Wa  laa yu-zaaarra  kaatibunw-wa  laa  shahiid.  Wa  ‘in-taf-‘aluu  fa- ‘innahuu  fusuuqum-bikum.  Watta-qUllaah.  Wa  yu-‘allimu-kumUllaah.  WAllaahu  bi-kulli  shay- ‘in  ‘Aliim.

282c.  That is more equitable with God, and stronger as evidence, and more likely to prevent doubt—except in the case of a spot transaction between you—then there is no blame on you if you do not write it down. And let there be witnesses whenever you conclude a contract, and let no harm be done to either scribe or witness. If you do that, it is corruption on your part. And fear God. God teaches you. God is aware of everything.

‘Aqsatu – (more equitable), this word has been derived from Qist, which means equity, justice. From it; is the word Muqsitun, which is an epithet of Allah Almighty, which means A Judge.

‘Aqwamu – (that who keeps More Extent), the words Qiyaamun,Qawwaamun and Qayyimun etc. have come out from its origin. ‘Aqwamu means “the person who keeps everything proper (best of all)”.

Tijaaratan  haaziratan – (the merchandise which you transfer among yourselves from hand to hand). That is to say; it would not be on debt or promises, but it would be from hand to hand. In that case, it is no sin for you if you do not write it.

This verse has been running with effect from last two lessons. About bringing the trade in writing and making a witness, it has been being instructed continuously. In this last part of the verse, it is commanded: By bringing the trade in writing, no doubt and delusion will be born. However, there is no need of writing in case of trading by hand to hand. Like this, it is necessary for the scribe and witnesses also that they should act according to the justice; they must not try to harm someone else. Otherwise, they will be sinners. https://youtu.be/siKdgRuGJ1g