Regard of ties of kinship and pacts

Lesson # 1042 from Noble Quran

Regard of ties of kinship and pacts

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE) – Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verses – 10 & 11 of 129, Section – 2 of 16 (Part – 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

10.  And they neither regard the ties of kinship nor any pact in respect of a believer. And these are they who are transgressors. 11.  But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor-due, then are they your brethren in religion. And We detail Our Revelations for a people who have knowledge.

10.  Laa  yarqu-buuna  fii  Mu’-minin  ‘illanw-wa  laa  zimmah.  Wa  ‘ulaaa-‘ika  humul-mu’-ta-duun. 11.  Fa-‘in  taabuu  wa  ‘aqaa-mus-Salaata  wa  ‘aata-wuz-Zakaata  fa-‘ikh-waanukum  fid-Diin.  Wa  Nufassilul-‘Aayaati  li-qawminy-ya’-lamuun.

Lesson

Laa  yarqu-buuna – (they do not regard), the origin of this word is raqaba. From it, the words raqaabat and raquub have been derived which mean – to protect, to look after, to regard, to show favor or partiality. The word Muraaqbah has come out from the same also, which is a famous word and which means “Focusing on a particular object, Divine contemplation, watch, meditation, observation, and fear of God”.  

‘Al-mu’-ta-duun – (the transgressors), it is the subject from the word ‘a’-tadaa’, which has been derived from ‘adawun. ‘Adawun means “to run fast”. ‘A’-tadaa’ means “to cross the appropriate limit, to rebel, to transgress, to violate”.

It has been explained here that they have enmity against the Belief. If they hear that so and so has believed in the Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), at the same time they become his deadly foe. Neither they see that he is their kinsman, they used to live together as close relatives since long, and nor they regard that he is from the tribe, with which they have a pact of peace; that they will not fight against one another, although he is a Muslim.

These people have been transgressing openly. The first condition of dwelling mutually with peace is that there must be no hostility in the world, and those rules, principles and limits which have been prescribed to treat one another, should not be broken and crossed. Certainly, prescribed limit of human conduct is that till someone does not damage the public peace of the world, he can choose the way of life whichever he desires for himself.

In other words, you can say: As long there is no fear of corruption and transgression, every individual is responsible of own deeds and have liberty of actions i.e. he can perform as he wills. But if either there is any fear of happening interruption in the public safety OR anyone is behaved with injustice, then the transgressor will be prevented from transgression with force.

It is commanded that the person who desires to live in the Peninsula of Arab in future, he should have to fulfill following two terms:

·       Establish worship, offer prayer regularly according to prescribed method.

·       For the help of poor, needy and indigent people, he should pay a prescribed portion of his wealth to the Government (2-1/2% - Poor-due).

Those people who accept these terms, they are your brethren, because they have proved by choosing your way of life that they are your companions in the religion. God Almighty says: And We detail Our Revelations for a people who have knowledge. (These clear Commands are for those people who understand).  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Most of the idolaters are wrongdoers

Lesson # 1041 from Noble Quran

Most of the idolaters are wrongdoers

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE) – Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verses – 8 & 9 of 129, Section – 2 of 16 (Part – 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

8.  How (can there be any treaty for the others) when, if they have the upper hand of you, they regard neither ties of kinship nor any pact in respect of you? They satisfy you with their mouths, while their hearts refuse. And most of them are wrongdoers. 9.  They have purchased with the Revelations of Allah a little gain, so they debar (men) from His Way. Lo! Evil is that which they are wont to do.

8.  Kayfa  wa  ‘iny-yaz-haruu  ‘alay-kum  laa  yar-qubuu  fii-kum  ‘illanw-wa  laa  zimmah.  Yurzuu-nakum-  bi-‘afwaa-hi-him-  wa  ta’-baa  quluu-buhum.  Wa  ‘aksaruhum  faasiquun. 9.  ‘Ish-taraw  bi-‘Aayaa-tIllaahi  samanan-  qaliilan-  fasadduu  ‘an-SabiiliH.  ‘Inna-hum  saaa-‘a  maa  kaanuu  ya’-maluun.

Lesson

‘Iny-yaz-haruu – (if they have the upper hand of you), the origin of this word is zaharun. Zaharun means “to prevail over someone”. This word is used also for the back, the loins, the back part, so, for the word “overcoming” this meaning is suitable too, because sitting on the back of an animal means “to get an opportunity over it, to get the upper hand”.

‘Illan – (this Arabic word is used for nearness, relationship, kinship, affinity, connection, kindred, friendship, articles of agreement etc.)

It is commanded that there is no form of a treaty of alliance with these idolaters. Until they are under influence, they make articles of agreement apparently. But when and where they prevail over you a little, then they regard neither the ties of kinship, nor friendship and nor consider it necessary to abide by the terms of treaty; which they made with you. They try their best to molest you without leaving any stone unturned.

Their hearty enmity blooms and they grip up their loins for causing trouble by all means. That enmity, malice and hatred has been filled in their hearts against you which they had from the first day, and cause of which is not any other than it that they wish to drive you only according to their way. And they cannot bear it that you choose any new Way of life, whether that is the best in accordance with the human sense.

Stubbornness has taken place in their hearts, so they cannot agree to live together with you mutually. In addition, maximum of them are those people for whom there is no resistance to prevent them from the evil deeds. Their nature is bad. Ethical standards do not exist into them. They are unable to distinguish among the good and the bad. They have ruined their conscience and promoted immorality fearless.

They have sacrificed those Revelations on their temporary worldly benefits, which have come from God Almighty for the guidance of human being, and their main object is no other save it that they should prevent the people from God’s prescribed Way. They have been persisted in their own words. But the fact is that they have been committing bad whatever they are doing; and their retribution (punishment) will be according to their wicked deeds.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

A treaty made at the Inviolable Place of Worship

Lesson # 1040 from Noble Quran

A treaty made at the Inviolable Place of Worship

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE) – Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verse – 7 of 129, Section – 2 of 16 (Part – 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

7.  How can there be a treaty with Allah and with His Messenger for the idolaters save those with whom ye made a treaty at the Inviolable Place of Worship? So long as they are true to you, be true to them. Lo! Allah loveth those who keep their duty.

7.  Kayfa  yakuunu  lil-mush-rikiina  ‘ahdun  ‘indAllaahi  wa  ‘inda  RasuuliHiii  ‘illal-laziina  ‘aa-hattum  ‘indal-Masjidil-Haraam.  Fa-mas-taqaamuu  lakum  fastaqiimuu  lahum.  ‘InnAllaaha  yuhibbul-Muttaqiin.

Lesson

Mas-taqaamuu – (So long as they are true), ‘is-taqaamuu is past tense, origin of which is ‘istaqaamatun. From it, many words have come out; like – qawm, maqaam, qiaam, aqaamat, mustaqiim, qiaamat etc. ‘Istaqaamat means “straight”. The word Mustaqiim has been derived from it, as it has come in Holy Qur’an Siraatal Mustaqiim (the Straight Path). Next to it; the word fastaqiimuu has been used; which is a word of command, and which means “Be true or straight”.

In the beginning of first Section, which was beginning of this Surah (Chapter) too, a word “Baraaa-‘ah” was used, aim from which was that God Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) are neither responsible to abide by any treaty with the idolaters of Arab in future and nor will they make any new treaty with them. The second Section of this Surah begins from this verse, in which; the reason about the matter has been described that “why can any treaty not be made with them?”

It is commanded that there is no form of “treaty of alliance” by Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) with the idolaters. However, those people, with whom you have made a treaty during “Peace Treaty of Hudaybiah” near “the Inviolable Place of Worship” (Masjidil-Haraam) (not to fight) for ten years, that Treaty will be fulfilled till the completion of the term, on the condition that they do not disobey the treaty which they have made with you and abide by the terms of the treaty. So long as they care for the terms of the peace treaty and remain true to you, you should abide by the terms also, be true to them and treat them straightforward as they treat you.

It was explained previously that Qureish (the idolaters) of Makkah broke the treaty and supported the tribe of Banu Bakr, who attacked over the tribe of Banu Khuza-‘ah, which was ally of Muslims, against the treaty. Therefore, resultant, the Muslims attacked over Makkah and conquered it.

In 9^th AH during the occasion of Hajj-il-Akbar (The Greater Pilgrimage), it was proclaimed that in future, the Muslims will not be bound of any treaty. Postponement is only for four months. After that, the idolaters cannot dwell in the Peninsula of Arab. There were some such tribes at the time of announcement, which were included in the Treaty of Hudaybiah. Nine months had remained in completion of the Term of the Treaty. They abode by the terms, so they were not troubled till completion of the terms of treaty.    

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Providing opportunity to understand Islam

Lesson # 1039 from Noble Quran

Providing opportunity to understand Islam

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE) – Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verse – 5 of 129, Section – 1 of 16 (Part – 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

6.  And if anyone of the idolaters seeketh thy protection (O Muhammad), then protect him so that he may hear the Word of Allah, and afterward convey him to his place of safety. That is because they are a folk who know not.

6.  Wa  ‘in  ‘ahadum-minal-mush-rikiinas-tajaaraka  fa-‘ajirhu  hattaa  yasma-‘a  Kalaa-mAllaahi  summa  ‘ablig-hu  ma’-manah.  Zaalika  bi-‘annahum  qawmul-laa  ya’-lamuun.

LESSON

‘As-tajaara – {(whoso) sought protection}, the origin of this word is ‘is-tijaaratun, which has been derived from jaar. Jaar is used for “neighborhood, refuge and shelter”. ‘As-tajaarah means “to ask for refuge, asking safety and peace from someone”.

‘Ajir – {protect (him)}, it is a tense of command, has been derived from ‘ijaaratun, and like the word mentioned above, it has come out from the word jawwar, which means “to give shelter”.

It was commanded in the previous verse: Slay the idolaters wherever you find them, but you should leave those people who get ready to pass their life according to your way of life and enter in Islam. But there would be some such people who may not be aware of Islam. From them, if any person wishes to come unto Muslims for understanding the teachings of Islam and seeks protection from them, then Muslims should take him under their protection. The same has been described in this verse.

Almighty God commands that; which idolater says: Kill me not. I want to live among you for the purpose that I may know about Islam, because I don’t know that “what is it and what does it desire? Then you should give him permission for living between you and protect him, and cause to hear him those Revelations of Holy Qur’an; which are foundation of Islam, and point out before him the proper course of Islam.

If, after listening to everything and understanding, he decided that he would not embrace Islam, then you should not slay him. Moreover, wherever he wants to go and considers that he can live at that place in safety and peace, then you should convey him there. This command is for the purpose that, because the idolaters are accustomed of dwelling in accordance with their own way of life, and they do not know that “a better way of living exists also than theirs, which is called Islam”.          

Therefore, if they wish, provide them opportunity to live with you for understanding and deliver the Message of Holy Qur’an unto them. If they decide to go, even after understanding, then you should let them go. Embracing not Islam only; is not too much big fault that slaying them becomes lawful. That is to say, it is not lawful to kill any such individual who is not Muslim.

It can be understood easily and clearly from this verse that the command of slaying the idolaters was not due to the reason that they did not use to accept Islam, but that was; because they had gripped up their loins to finish Islam in all conditions, and they wished to remove the Muslims from the world only due to enmity and obstinacy.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Ill-fortune of idolaters

Lesson # 1038 from Noble Quran

Ill-fortune of idolaters

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE) – Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verse – 5 of 129, Section – 1 of 16 (Part – 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

5.  Then, when  the sacred months have passed, slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, and take them (captive), and besiege them, and prepare for them each ambush. But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor-due, then leave their way free. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

5.  Fa-‘izan-salakhal- ‘Ash-hurul-Hurumu  faq-tulul-mushrikiina  haysu  wajattu-muuhum  wa  khuzuuhum  wah-suruuhum  waq-‘uduu  lahum  kulla  marsad.  Fa-‘in-  taabuu  wa  ‘aqaamus-Salaata  wa  ‘aata-wuz-Zakaata  fa-khalluu  sabiilahum.  ‘InnAllaaha  Gafuurur-Rahiim.

Lesson

‘In-salakha – (passed), it is past tense from the word ‘in-salaakh. One meaning of salakha is “to end, to pass, to elapse”. ‘In-salaakh means “to go out of the inside of any object, which can be said as – to pass by”.

‘Al- ‘Ash-hurul-Hurumu – (the Months; in which fighting is forbidden), ‘ash-hur is plural of shah-run. According to Arabic language, Shahr means “a month”. Hurumu is plural of haraam. The word haraam is from hurmat, which means “such place or time, which is respected and in which, fighting and quarreling is kept stopped.

The Arabians were quarrelsome people, but they all had introduced a Rule mutually that no individual will quarrel with any other during four months of a year. Islam kept their custom persevered, because it keeps itself persevered every such thing which has any relation with peace. The mention of ‘Ash-shahrul-Haraam has passed in Chapter two (Surah ‘Al-Baqarah), and it will also be discussed with detail next in this Surah.  

It is commanded that those people who have been excluded, leaving them; the treaty of Muslims with all idolaters has been broken and it has been proclaimed. But so concession is given that the sacred month “Muharram” should be let passed, because it is useless to remove a fixed useful custom at its own. But at the end of this sacred month, when these three continuous sacred months (Thul-Qedah, Thul-Hijjah and Muharram) are over, then you should begin to get vacated the Peninsula of Arab from the rebellious people. Neither these people will live with peace and nor will let you live with peace. In future, they will not be given any chance to interrupt in peace and safety.

Next to this time, only those people will live in the Peninsula of Arab, who will choose Islamic way of life. Islamic life is entirely safety and peace. Those people from them, who give up previous wicked deeds wholeheartedly, establish the Prayer and pay the Poor-due; there is no restriction on their living here. They will enjoy freedom of every kind. And God Almighty will not punish them due to their previous evil deeds, because He forgives errors of those who repent, and He blesses them.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Fulfilling the treaty till the term

Lesson # 1037 from Noble Quran

Fulfilling the treaty till the term

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE) – Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verse – 4 of 129, Section – 1 of 16 (Part – 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

4.  Excepting those of the idolaters with whom ye (Muslims) have a treaty, and who have since abated nothing of your right nor have supported anyone against you; (as for these), fulfill their treaty to them till their term. Lo! Allah loveth those who keep their duty (unto Him).

4.  ‘Illal-laziina  ‘aa-hattum-minal-mushrikiina  summa  lam  yanqu-suukum  shay-‘anw-wa  lam  yuzaa-hiruu  ‘alay-kum  ‘ahadan-  fa-‘atim-muuu  ‘ilay-him  ‘ahdahum  ‘ilaa  muddatihim.  ‘InnAllaaha  yuhibbul-Muttaqiin.

Lesson

Lam  yanqu-suukum – (they have not since abated of your right), this word has been derived from naqas, which means “to fall short, to fail, to be lacking (in), to reduce, to modify, to lessen, a defect, blemish, fault, injury, harm, to diminish. From the same word “nuqsaan” has been made, which means – loss, defect, damage or mischief. Here, “abating not anything” aims that they have not committed against any of the terms of treaty which was made between them and you.

Lam  yuzaa-hiruu – (they have not supported anyone against you), this word is from muzaahirah, origin of which is zahara. Zahara means “the loins, the back”. Muzaahirah means “to encourage someone, to animate, to help”. It also means “to perform or demonstrate any work before everyone, but that word has been derived from zahuur, which means “to become public or manifest”. However here; the aim is as the first meanings, which means “supporting”, which is from zahara (the back, the loins).

Those idolaters have been mentioned in this verse; with whom the Muslims had a treaty of peace for a stipulated time and they accomplished it, and they did never break it. It is commanded: You should continue to fulfill the treaty; made with those people who did neither abate anything of your right and nor supported anyone against you; till the completion of their term, and leave them now at their own condition. When the term of treaty will expire, then they will also be treated as proclaimed previously.

The end of this verse informs us that God Almighty loves those people who fear Him, go carefully and keep their duty unto Him, who; by their behavior; do not provide any chance of any charge or accusation against them; to any individual and do not commit any such work, due to which, their reputation and good name is stained.

It is also known from this verse that it is necessary for the Muslims to fulfill their treaties till their terms, because if they became notorious as treacherous, then the name of Islam would be defamed, and the people will begin to say the Muslims: They belie after promise, so they are not trustworthy.

Here it should be thought that Holy Qur’an commands us that you should not commit any such work due to which you are defamed; and the world consider you distrust-able. Now we should understand our condition that we have made ourselves the base of worldwide ills. God bless.   

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Announcement for common people

Lesson # 1036 from Noble Quran

Announcement for common people

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE) – Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verse – 3 of 129, Section – 1 of 16 (Part – 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

3.  And a proclamation from Allah and His Messenger to all men on the day of the Greater Pilgrimage that Allah is free from obligation to the idolaters, and (so is) His Messenger. So, if ye repent, it will be better for you; but if ye are averse, then know that ye cannot escape Allah. And give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom to those who disbelieve-

3.  Wa  ‘azaanummi-nAllaahi  wa  Rasuuli-Hiii  ‘ilan-naasi  yawmal-Hajjil-‘Akbari  ‘annAllaaha  bariii-‘um-minal-mushrikiina,  wa  RasuuluH.  Fa-‘in  tubtum  fa-huwa  khayrul-lakum.  Wa  ‘in-ta-wallay-tum  fa’-lamuuu  ‘anna-kum  gayru  mu’-jiZillaah.  Wa  bashshi-rillaziina  kafaruu  bi-‘azaabin  ‘aliim.

Lesson

‘Azaanun – (to cause to hear by calling), this word has been derived from taaziin, which is from ‘uzunun – as Salaam from tasliim and Kalaam from takliim. ‘Azanun means “to hear”, it also means “hitting someone’s ear”. Taaziin means “to cause to hear”. ‘Azaan means “a matter which is caused to hear”. It also means “The summons to prayers, a call for prayer”. From the same origin, a word ‘iznun has come out also, which means “the permission”, however; it does not have any relation here.

‘Al-Hajjul-‘Akbaru – (The Greater Pilgrimage), Hajj means “going anywhere intentionally”. There are two kinds of Hajj (Pilgrimage); the one is Greater, for which, proper dates i.e. 8^th, 9^th and 10^th of the month of Dhu al-Hijjah are fixed. During these days, the entire Pilgrims gather in the fields of Arafaat and then Minaa. And the other Hajj is Short, which is called Umrah also. Neither any proper date is fixed for performing Umrah and nor it is necessary to assemble at any prescribed place.

In the earlier verses before this one, the aim from the “mushrikiin” is those idolaters; with whom; a treaty was made without fixing the period, that “we shall not fight each other mutually”, and those people were included in it too; with whom, no treaty was made. The both kinds of idolaters were caused to hear that “Freedom for you is only four months. Either you should embrace Islam during this period or leave the Peninsula of Arab, otherwise you will be killed”.

In this verse, mushrikiin means those people of Makkah and their allies, with whom a treaty was made for ten years at the place of Hudaybiah. Although; this treaty was broken by Qureish of Makkah, and it was the reason that Makkah was conquered, but after one year of the conquest of Makkah, during 9^th AH, during the occasion of yearly Hajj (Pilgrimage), which was being performed under the supervision of Abu Bakr Siddique (May Allah be pleased with Him), these verses of Surah Tawbah were revealed in Madinah, and Ali (May Allah be pleased with Him) departed for Makkah with these verses and at the nick of the occasion of assembly of yearly Hajj, it was proclaimed: There is no appeasement with the idolaters from our side now. If the idolaters repent and enter in Islam, then it is better for them, otherwise, the Peninsula of Arab will be evacuated from the non-Muslims. And the idolaters cannot render Allah Almighty helpless, and there will be a painful doom for them.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Freedom from obligation was proclaimed

Lesson # 1035 from Noble Quran

Freedom from obligation was proclaimed

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE) – Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verses – 1 & 2 of 129, Section – 1 of 16 (Part – 1/4^th of 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

1.  Freedom from obligation (is proclaimed) from Allah and His Messenger toward those of the idolaters with whom ye made a treaty. 2.  Travel freely in the land four months, and know that ye cannot escape Allah and that Allah will confound the disbelievers (in His Guidance).

1.  BARAAA-‘ATUM-MINALLAAHI  wa  RasuuliHiii  ‘ilallaziina  ‘aa-hattum-minal-Mush-rikiin. 2.  Fasiihuu  fil-‘arzi  ‘arba-‘ata  ‘ash-hurinw-wa’-lamuuu  ‘annakum  gayru  mu’-jiZIllaahi,  wa  ‘annAllaaha  mukh-zil-kaafiriin.

Lesson

BARAAA-‘ATUN – (freedom, exemption from control), this word has been derived from bar-‘un, which means “to be separate, to recover from illness”. According to our language, the word “Barii” is used commonly (a form of bari-‘un), which means exempt, acquitted, released, let off etc. as - so and so governor freed the accused, he was released from the case. Baraaa-‘atun means “to get rid of, to acquire freedom”. Here it aims: We cancel all previous articles of agreement and treaties of alliance.   

Siihuu – (Travel freely), the origin of this word is siaaha-tun. Siaaha-tun means “journey, travelling, voyage and pilgrimage, to go for a walk and spring, to wander independently here and there.

Mukh-zii – (One; who disgraces someone else), it is the Subject from the word ‘ikh-zaa-‘un, which has been derived from the word khiz-yun. Khiz-yun means “infamy, disgrace. ‘Ikh-zaa-‘un means “to disgrace”.

Kaafiriin – it is plural of kaafir and the subject from the word kufrun. This word has been used hither and thither; at many places. Everywhere it means “disbelievers”. However, it aims such disbeliever, who; not only disbelieves himself but compels other people with force that they should not believe. Opposite to this word is Mu’-min, which means “the person who believes in Allah Almighty”. The Believer affirms God Almighty and advises other people that having belief in Allah Almighty is better and necessary, but he does not want to compel any other that he should believe. Even there is no quarrel with any disbeliever; if he does not prevent the people forcibly from believing. The fight against any disbeliever is at such time when he begins to prevent the people violently from believing.

Such decision has been caused to hear in these verses that in future, you are not bound to abide by any agreement or treaty which you made earlier with the disbelievers, whether the period of it was limited or unlimited. Proclaim before them and those with whom you have not made any treaty that they are free for only four months to travel in this country; wherever they wish; with freedom. After that, if they desire to live in the Peninsula of Arab, they would have to accept Islam, otherwise; get out of this Peninsula. If they will not leave this place, then they will be killed. Allah Almighty will disgrace the disbelievers in both worlds and put them out of favor.      

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)