Repentance of Adam (L-66)
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37. فَتَلَقّىٰ آدَمُ مِن رَبِّهِ كَلِماتٍ فَتابَ عَلَيهِ ۚ إِنَّهُ
هُوَ التَّوّابُ الرَّحيمُ |
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37. Fata-laqqaaa ‘Aadamumir-Rabbihii
Kalimaatin, fa-taaba ‘alayh. ‘InnaHuu Huwat-Tawwaa-bur-Rahiim. |
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37. Then Adam
received from his Lord words (of revelation), and He relented towards him.
Lo! He is the Relenting, the Merciful. |
Fata-laqqaaa – (Then he learnt, received from Lord), this word has been derived from talaqqii (mulaaqaat is from it too), which means “to meet, to find or get something”.
Kalimaatin – Words (of Revelation). It is plural of Kalimah, which means “a word, a speech, a part of speech”. Allaah Almighty taught Adam (Peace be upon him) Words of penitence by His great Mercy and Kindness. Here, the Words of penitence indicate towards the following verse of Holy Qur’an which was revealed at another place, “They said: Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not and have not mercy on us, surely we are of the lost”. (VII: 23 - The Heights) (Qaalaa Rabbanaa zalamnaaa ‘anfu-sanaa Wa ‘il-lam tagfir-lanaa wa tar-hamnaa lanakuu-nanna minal-khaa-siriin.)” (7: 23 – Al-‘Aa’-raaf). These words were spoken by the both i.e. Adam and Eve (his wife) (peace be upon them).
Fa-taaba – so He relented and drew His attention. This word has been made from Tawbah, which means “To turn toward someone, paying attention, to return”. Penitence means repentance from sins, sorrow for wrongdoing, and return toward the straight path. Praying for forgiveness from the sins is called penitence because the mankind admits with the perception of sins and promises that he will refrain from the sins in future.
When Adam (peace be upon him) and his wife were ordered to leave the Garden, then they perceived about their error, regretted a lot on it, used to weep in the condition of distress on their mistake and wandered repentant restlessly. Ultimately God Almighty had compassion on them and revealed in their hearts some words of asking forgiveness. They prayed with those words and God Almighty accepted their penitence because certainly He is the Relenting and Merciful on His servants in every situation.
Three things are necessary for the penitence (Tawbah):
1. The mankind should admit that he has wronged and repent on his sin.
2. He must intend strictly that he will never commit it again.
3. He should never repeat this sin in future.
The injunction regarding Tawbah (Repentance)
has come many times in Holy Qur’an and the Sayings of the
Messenger (SallAllaahu alayHi wa AaliHii Wasallam). We should renounce for
forgiveness of every type of wrongdoing, (known or un-known, minor or major)
from God Almighty.
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